Everything about Pope Victor Ii totally explained
Victor II (c.
1018–
July 28,
1057), born
Gebhard, Count of Calw, Tollenstein, and Hirschberg (
German Gebhard Graf von Calw, Tollenstein und Hirschberg),
Pope from
1055 to
1057, kinsman of Emperor
Henry III (1039–56). One of the series of German Popes during the
Gregorian Reform reform movement (c. 1050–80), he was consecrated in
St. Peter's in
Rome on
April 13,
1055. His father was a
Swabian baron,
Count Harwig von Calw, and his own baptismal name was Gebhard. At the insistence of another Gebhard,
bishop of Ratisbon and uncle of Henry III, he was appointed at the age of twenty-four as
bishop of Eichstätt. In this position, he supported the Emperor's interests and eventually became one of the Henry III's closest advisors. He was nominated to the
Papacy by Henry III at
Mainz, in September 1054, at the instance of a Roman delegation headed by Hildebrand, later
Pope Gregory VII, who likely intended to deprive the empire of one of its most capable advocates.
In June 1055, Gebhard, (Pope Victor II) met the Emperor at
Florence and held a council, which reinforced
Pope Leo IX's (1049–54) condemnation of clerical marriage,
simony, and the loss of the church's properties. In the following year, he was summoned to the Emperor's side, and was with Henry III when he died at
Botfeld in the
Harz on
October 5,
1056. As guardian of Henry III's infant son
Henry IV (1056–1105) and adviser of the Empress
Agnes, Henry IV's mother and regent, Victor II now wielded enormous power, which he used to maintain peace throughout the empire and to strengthen the papacy against the aggressions of the barons. He died shortly after his return to Italy, at
Arezzo, on
July 28,
1057.
Victor II's retinue wished to bring his remains to the cathedral at
Eichstätt for burial. Before they reached the city, however, the remains were seized by some citizens of
Ravenna and buried there in the
Church of Santa Maria Rotonda, the burial place of
Theodoric the Great.
Although there have been eight German Popes, Victor II is one of only three Popes from the territory of present-day
Germany, the others being
Pope Clement II (1046–47) and the current
Benedict XVI.
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